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General Information

Document type
  • Peer-reviewed journal article
GE organism
  • cotton
GE trait
  • insect resistance
Country
  • China, USA

Results

Efficacy
  • mixed

Early warning of cotton bollworm resistance associated with intensive planting of Bt cotton in China Open Access

Zhang, H; Yin, W; Zhao, J; Jin, L; Yang, Y; Wu, S; Tabashnik, BE; Wu, Y
PLoS One. 2011 August. 6(8):e22874

Link to full text (open access, freely available)

PMID: 21857961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022874 ISSN: 1932-6203

Abstract

Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins kill some key insect pests, but evolution of resistance by pests can reduce their efficacy. The predominant strategy for delaying pest resistance to Bt crops requires refuges of non-Bt host plants to promote survival of susceptible pests. To delay pest resistance to transgenic cotton producing Bt toxin Cry1Ac, farmers in the United States and Australia planted refuges of non-Bt cotton, while farmers in China have relied on "natural" refuges of non-Bt host plants other than cotton. Here we report data from a 2010 survey showing field-evolved resistance to Cry1Ac of the major target pest, cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), in northern China. Laboratory bioassay results show that susceptibility to Cry1Ac was significantly lower in 13 field populations from northern China, where Bt cotton has been planted intensively, than in two populations from sites in northwestern China where exposure to Bt cotton has been limited. Susceptibility to Bt toxin Cry2Ab did not differ between northern and northwestern China, demonstrating that resistance to Cry1Ac did not cause cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and implying that resistance to Cry1Ac in northern China is a specific adaptation caused by exposure to this toxin in Bt cotton. Despite the resistance detected in laboratory bioassays, control failures of Bt cotton have not been reported in China. This early warning may spur proactive countermeasures, including a switch to transgenic cotton producing two or more toxins distinct from Cry1A toxins.

Keywords

Bt, cotton, refuges, bollworm

Funding

Funding source
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of China
  • USDA-AFRI
Funding country
  • China
  • United States
Funding type
  • government

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Cite this study

MLA

Zhang, H, W Yin, J Zhao, L Jin, Y Yang, S Wu, BE Tabashnik, Y Wu. "Early warning of cotton bollworm resistance associated with intensive planting of Bt cotton in China." PLoS One 6.8 (2011): e22874. Web. 29 Mar. 2024.

APA

Zhang, H., Yin, W., Zhao, J., Jin, L., Yang, Y., Wu, S., Tabashnik, BE., & Wu, Y. (2011). Early warning of cotton bollworm resistance associated with intensive planting of Bt cotton in China. PLoS One, 6(8), e22874. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022874

Please verify citations before use, citations are automatically generated based on information stored within the GENERA database and therefore may or may not be correct.